Every Scam Type Exposed
Learn how 52+ scam types work, spot the warning signs, and protect yourself. Updated for 2026 with the latest fraud tactics.
Critical Threats Right Now
Legitimacy Reviews
4 scam types
Temu Scams & Safety Risks
MEDIUMTemu is a legitimate company (PDD Holdings, NASDAQ: PDD), but has significant data privacy concerns, product quality issues, and scammers impersonating the platform.
Royal Match Misleading Ads
LOWRoyal Match is a legitimate game from Dream Games ($3B+ lifetime revenue, 55M monthly users), but the ads are notoriously misleading—the dramatic "save the king" gameplay appears only occasionally in the actual game.
Free Robux Generator Scams
CRITICALThere is NO such thing as a free Robux generator. Roblox officially confirms all generators are scams designed to steal accounts, install malware, or harvest personal data.
Malvertising (Malicious Ads)
HIGH RISKGoogle sponsored ads are NOT always safe. Scammers pay for ads that appear above legitimate results, promoting phishing sites, fake customer support, and malware downloads.
Investment Scams
3 scam types
Pig Butchering Scam
CRITICALLong-con investment scam combining romance and crypto fraud where scammers "fatten" victims before "slaughtering" them financially.
Ponzi Scheme
CRITICALFraudulent investment scheme where returns for existing investors are paid using funds from new investors rather than legitimate profits.
Forex Trading Scam
HIGH RISKFraudulent foreign exchange trading platforms or "experts" who promise guaranteed profits from currency trading.
Impersonation Scams
8 scam types
Digital Arrest Scam
CRITICALScammers posing as law enforcement hold victims on continuous video calls for hours or days, using fake arrest warrants and psychological coercion to extort money. This scam has caused over $350 million in losses in India and is spreading to the US.
Tech Support Scam
HIGH RISKScammers pose as Microsoft, Apple, or other tech companies to convince you your computer has a virus and charge for fake repairs.
Geek Squad / Best Buy Scam
HIGH RISKFake emails claiming your Geek Squad subscription auto-renewed for hundreds of dollars, prompting you to call for a "refund."
Government Impersonation Scam
CRITICALScammers pose as IRS, Social Security Administration, Medicare, or law enforcement to demand immediate payment or personal information.
Amazon Impersonation Scam
HIGH RISKScammers pose as Amazon customer service claiming there's a problem with your account, order, or Prime membership.
Bank Impersonation Scam
CRITICALScammers pose as your bank's fraud department claiming suspicious activity on your account, then trick you into moving money to "protect" it.
Utility Company Scam
MEDIUMScammers pose as electric, gas, or water companies threatening to shut off your service unless you pay immediately.
Grandparent Scam
HIGH RISKScammers call pretending to be a grandchild in trouble — car accident, jail, hospital — urgently needing money and secrecy.
Romance Scams
3 scam types
Romance Scam
HIGH RISKScammers create fake profiles on dating apps or social media, build romantic relationships, then ask for money for emergencies or investments.
Military Romance Scam
HIGH RISKScammers pose as deployed military service members, using stolen photos and stories to build romantic relationships and request money.
Sextortion Scam
CRITICALScammers threaten to release intimate images or videos unless you pay them, whether or not they actually have any such material.
Online Shopping Scams
2 scam types
Fake Online Store
MEDIUMFraudulent e-commerce websites that take your payment but never deliver products, or send counterfeit/inferior goods.
Marketplace Scam
MEDIUMScams on Facebook Marketplace, Craigslist, and similar platforms — fake listings, payment fraud, and counterfeit goods.
Job & Employment Scams
2 scam types
Job Scam
HIGH RISKFake job listings that steal personal information, charge upfront fees, or trick you into money laundering or check fraud schemes.
Task Scam
HIGH RISKFake work-from-home jobs where you complete tasks for "commissions" but must pay deposits that you never get back.
Phishing & Smishing
4 scam types
Toll Road Text Scam
MEDIUMFake text messages claiming you have an unpaid toll and must pay immediately to avoid late fees or license suspension.
Package Delivery Scam
MEDIUMFake texts claiming USPS, FedEx, or UPS couldn't deliver your package and asking you to click a link to reschedule or pay a fee.
Bank Alert Text Scam
HIGH RISKFake fraud alert texts pretending to be from your bank, asking you to confirm transactions or click links to "secure" your account.
Wrong Number Text Scam
MEDIUMA "friendly" wrong number text that leads to ongoing conversation, building rapport before eventually requesting money or pushing investment scams.
AI-Powered Scams
8 scam types
AI Voice Cloning Scam
CRITICALScammers use AI to clone the voice of a family member, then call claiming to be in an emergency and needing money immediately.
Deepfake Video Scam
HIGH RISKAI-generated videos impersonating celebrities, executives, or trusted figures to promote fake investments, crypto scams, or giveaways.
AI-Enhanced Phishing
HIGH RISKHighly personalized phishing emails written by AI that are more convincing and harder to detect than traditional phishing attempts.
AI Girlfriend/Boyfriend Scam
HIGH RISKFake romantic partners powered by AI chatbots that build emotional relationships, then manipulate victims into sending money, gifts, or cryptocurrency.
Deepfake CEO Fraud
CRITICALCriminals use AI-generated video or audio of company executives to authorize fraudulent wire transfers, often targeting finance employees in real-time video calls.
Virtual Kidnapping Scam
CRITICALScammers use AI voice cloning to fake a kidnapping, calling parents with their child's cloned voice crying for help and demanding immediate ransom.
Fake AI Tool Malware
HIGH RISKMalicious software disguised as popular AI tools like ChatGPT, Midjourney, or DALL-E that steals data, credentials, or installs ransomware.
AI Trading Bot Scam
HIGH RISKFake "AI-powered" trading bots that promise guaranteed returns using artificial intelligence but are actually Ponzi schemes or outright theft.
Prize & Lottery Scams
2 scam types
Lottery / Sweepstakes Scam
MEDIUMFake notifications claiming you've won a lottery, sweepstakes, or prize — but must pay fees or taxes before receiving your "winnings."
Inheritance / Nigerian Prince Scam
LOWEmails claiming you've inherited money from an unknown relative or foreign dignitary, requiring fees to release the funds.
Cryptocurrency Scams
3 scam types
Cryptocurrency Investment Scam
CRITICALFake crypto trading platforms, signal groups, and investment opportunities that steal your cryptocurrency deposits.
Crypto Giveaway Scam
HIGH RISKFake cryptocurrency giveaways promising to double your crypto if you send some first — often using fake celebrity accounts or deepfake videos.
Rug Pull Scam
CRITICALDevelopers create a new cryptocurrency or NFT project, hype it up, attract investment, then abandon the project and disappear with investor funds.
Cyber & Technical Scams
8 scam types
Synthetic Identity Fraud
CRITICALCriminals create fake identities by combining YOUR real Social Security number with fabricated names and details. The damage may not surface for years, and traditional credit monitoring won't detect it. US lenders faced $3.3 billion in exposure in 2025 alone.
QR Code Scam (Quishing)
HIGH RISKMalicious QR codes placed on parking meters, restaurant menus, flyers, and fake packages that lead to phishing sites or malware downloads.
SIM Swap Attack
CRITICALCriminals convince your phone carrier to transfer your number to their SIM card, then intercept 2FA codes to drain bank accounts and crypto wallets.
Synthetic Identity Fraud
HIGH RISKCriminals combine real and fake information to create new synthetic identities used to open accounts, build credit, and commit large-scale financial fraud.
Password Extortion Scam
MEDIUMEmails claiming "I have your password" and threatening to release embarrassing webcam footage unless you pay Bitcoin — usually a bluff using passwords from old data breaches.
Fake Data Breach Notification
MEDIUMPhishing emails disguised as legitimate data breach notifications that trick you into entering credentials on fake "identity protection" or "password reset" sites.
Typosquatting Scam
MEDIUMFake websites with URLs similar to legitimate sites (like "arnaz0n.com" or "paypa1.com") designed to steal credentials, distribute malware, or harvest payment info.
Brushing Scam
LOWReceiving unsolicited packages you didn't order — sellers use your address to create fake "verified purchases" for fake reviews, but indicates your data has been compromised.
Platform Legitimacy
4 scam types
Is Shein a Scam?
MEDIUMShein is a legitimate fast-fashion retailer, but faces serious concerns about product safety (toxic chemicals found in clothing), labor practices, intellectual property theft, and environmental impact.
Is Cash App a Scam?
MEDIUMCash App is a legitimate payment platform owned by Block, Inc. (formerly Square), but it has become a primary target for scammers due to instant, hard-to-reverse payments. In January 2025, the CFPB ordered Cash App to pay $175 million for fraud protection failures.
Is Wish a Scam?
MEDIUMWish is a legitimate e-commerce marketplace, but has a pattern of complaints regarding product quality, misleading listings, and customer service issues. BBB shows 1,178 complaints in 3 years with 87% negative reviews.
Is AliExpress a Scam?
LOWAliExpress is a legitimate global marketplace owned by Alibaba Group, one of the world's largest e-commerce companies. It offers buyer protection but requires careful seller vetting due to counterfeit risks and long shipping times.
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Scan for Scams NowAbout The Fraud Codex Scam Encyclopedia
The Fraud Codex is a comprehensive database of every known scam type targeting consumers in 2026. Our encyclopedia covers investment scams like pig butchering and Ponzi schemes, impersonation scams including tech support and government impersonator fraud, AI-powered scams using voice cloning and deepfakes, phishing and smishing attacks, romance scams, cryptocurrency fraud, employment scams, and shopping fraud.
Each scam entry includes detailed information on how the scam works, red flags to watch for, real victim examples, protection tips, and what to do if you've been victimized. Our data is sourced from the FBI, FTC, SEC, and leading cybersecurity researchers.
Common questions we answer: What is a pig butchering scam? How do romance scams work? How to spot a phishing email? What are the warning signs of a crypto scam? How to protect elderly parents from scams?